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Pharmacy Benefits Management Services

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Clinical Pharmacy Practice Office Resources and Tools

As of September 30, 2023, VHA employs 11,337 clinical pharmacists, of which 5,964 (52.6%) serve as Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners (CPP) possessing a scope of practice which includes medication prescriptive authority serving as direct care provider. The role of the CPP has grown as a core interprofessional team member that improves access and quality through the provision of comprehensive medication management (CMM) services.  The CPP, as the medication expert, supports teams as an additional healthcare practitioner to provide medication optimization services in disease state management, with a particular emphasis in high-risk populations. Expansion of CPP roles, in new and existing areas, has resulted in improved system-wide patient access to care. In the ambulatory care setting, this is often achieved by shifting appointments from primary care and specialty care providers to the CPP, thereby increasing access and at a lower cost. This team-based care approach has proven to be particularly valuable in areas where it has been difficult to hire physician providers.

PBM CPPO creates tools and resource documents to support clinical pharmacy practice expansion and optimization across the continuum of care. Topics identified and developed undergo extensive review by subject matter experts, identified topic aligned committees, and PBM Program Managers.


VHA Clinical Pharmacy Fact Sheets

CPP Role in Acute Care
CPP Role in Antimicrobial Stewardship Program
CPP Role in Emergency Medicine
CPP Role in Management in Transitions of Care and Hospital Readmissions
CPP Role in Mental Health
CPP Role in Oncology
CPP Role in Opioid Safety
CPP Role in Substance Use Disorders
Optimizing the CPP to Improve Access


Evidence Bibliographies

Clinical Pharmacy Practice in Emergency Medicine
Clinical Pharmacy Practice in Mental Health
Clinical Pharmacy Practice in Pain Management
Clinical Pharmacy Practice in Substance Use Disorder